function Question (qname,
type,
qstring,
response,
comment,
corrects,
explan,
score,
ifcorrect,ifwrong,ifnull,
img)
{this.qname=qname;
this.type=type;
this.qstring=qstring;
this.response=response;
this.comment=comment;
this.corrects=corrects;
this.explan=explan;
this.score=score;
this.ifcorrect=ifcorrect;
this.ifwrong=ifwrong;
this.ifnull=ifnull;
this.img=img;
}

var zin=1,top=0, mycount=0, waitTime=0, qright=0, mycomment;
var global=new Array(3);
var recent, recent2, recdone=false, opera7, opera=CheckOpera56();
function cachewrite(s,idx){global[idx]+=s;}
function CheckOpera56()
{
var version;
if (navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf('opera') == -1) return false;
version=parseInt(navigator.appVersion.toLowerCase());
if (version>6) {opera7=true; return false;}
if (version<5) return false;
return true;
}
resp=new Array("carotid artery stenosis.","M&#233;ni&#232;re's disease.","postural hypotension.","transient ischemic attacks.")
corr=new Array("0","0","0","1")
comm=""
valu=""
quest001 = new Question(
"Question 1",
0,
"A 73-year-old patient reports &#147;dizzy spells&#148; for the past several weeks. The patient describes three similar episodes during which the patient experienced &#147;a swimming in my head,&#148; loss of balance without falling, and numbness in the left arm. These episodes lasted 10 to 30 minutes. This patient is experiencing:",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("A decrease in absorption","A decrease in total body weight","An increase in body water","An increase in the ratio of body fat to lean body mass")
corr=new Array("0","0","0","1")
comm=""
valu=""
quest002 = new Question(
"Question 2",
0,
"Which is the main principal age-related change that causes an alteration in drug distribution in older adults?",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("Hyperchloremia and hypernatremia","Hyperglycemia and hyponatremia","Hyperkalemia and hypercapnia","Hypermagnesemia and hyponatremia")
corr=new Array("1","0","0","0")
comm=""
valu=""
quest003 = new Question(
"Question 3",
0,
"An 85-year-old patient has an intestinal viral infection with severe diarrhea. Laboratory studies are ordered. Which result confirms a diagnosis of dehydration?",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("a friable cervix with possible cellular abnormalities.","decreased distensibility and mucosal changes of the vaginal vault.","infrequent sexual activity.","thickening of the vaginal mucosa with decreased lubrication.")
corr=new Array("0","1","0","0")
comm=""
valu=""
quest004 = new Question(
"Question 4",
0,
"In older women, the onset of physical discomfort and bleeding associated with sexual intercourse often indicates:",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("Barthel Index","Functional Independence Measure","Geriatric Depression Scale","Lawton Life Satisfaction Scale")
corr=new Array("0","0","1","0")
comm=""
valu=""
quest005 = new Question(
"Question 5",
0,
"A gerontological clinical nurse specialist is administering a mental status examination to an 80-year-old patient. The patient answers the more complicated questions by saying, &ldquo;I don't know.&rdquo; Which test is included in a further assessment?",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("mucous membrane condition.","skin texture.","skin turgor.","urinary frequency.")
corr=new Array("1","0","0","0")
comm=""
valu=""
quest006 = new Question(
"Question 6",
0,
"The most reliable means for assessing hydration in an older adult is:",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("a cortical atrophy.","an accumulation of lipofuscin.","cohort differences.","vascular changes.")
corr=new Array("0","0","1","0")
comm=""
valu=""
quest007 = new Question(
"Question 7",
0,
"Differences between the IQ scores of a group of 20-year-old individuals and a group of 80-year-old individuals suggest:",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("African-American men","African-American women","White men","White women")
corr=new Array("0","0","1","0")
comm=""
valu=""
quest008 = new Question(
"Question 8",
0,
"Which group of older adults has the highest risk for suicide?",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("availability of supplies for wound care.","incidence of pressure ulcers correlated with staffing levels.","percentage of pressure ulcers that demonstrate healing each month.","rate of nurse compliance with the protocol for treating pressure ulcers.")
corr=new Array("0","0","1","0")
comm=""
valu=""
quest009 = new Question(
"Question 9",
0,
"In a quality review of pressure ulcers among nursing home residents, appropriate outcome criteria include the:",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("ego integrity versus despair.","role theory.","social exchange theory.","unresolved grieving.")
corr=new Array("0","0","1","0")
comm=""
valu=""
quest010 = new Question(
"Question 10",
0,
"Ever since the death of her husband a year ago, an older woman's ability to care for herself has significantly diminished. The older woman expresses increased feelings of inadequacy and decreased satisfaction with life. The daughter has become the primary caregiver for the woman and has become increasingly resentful of this role. The mother and daughter's feelings are best explained in terms of:",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors.","anticholinergic agents.","adrenergic blocking agents.","osmotic agents.")
corr=new Array("0","1","0","0")
comm=""
valu=""
quest011 = new Question(
"Question 11",
0,
"Persons who have chronic open-angle glaucoma are advised to wear medical alert bracelets because they have the potential for developing acute glaucoma if they are administered:",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("encourage a high fluid intake unless contraindicated.","monitor renal function.","monitor serum calcium and phosphorous levels.","observe the patient for signs of muscle twitching.")
corr=new Array("1","0","0","0")
comm=""
valu=""
quest012 = new Question(
"Question 12",
0,
"To decrease the complications of hypercalcemia caused by prolonged immobilization, the most appropriate nursing intervention is to:",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("concurrent validity.","content validity.","interrater reliability.","test-retest reliability.")
corr=new Array("0","1","0","0")
comm=""
valu=""
quest013 = new Question(
"Question 13",
0,
"A gerontological clinical specialist is conducting a study on risk factors for osteoporosis and has developed a questionnaire covering risk-reducing and risk-increasing behaviors of older women. The clinical specialist asks experts in the area of osteoporosis to review this tool to establish:",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("Descriptive correlation","Nonequivalent control group","Pretest-posttest","Quasi-experimental")
corr=new Array("1","0","0","0")
comm=""
valu=""
quest014 = new Question(
"Question 14",
0,
"A gerontological clinical nurse specialist plans to investigate the relationship between educational levels and adherence to prescribed hypertensive medication, as measured by changes in blood pressure readings. Which research design is most appropriate to study this issue?",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("complete a written contract for services that covers expected outcomes, time commitments, support systems, and financial arrangements.","conduct a force field analysis of the variables in the nursing home that includes use of existing data on restraint use and staff strengths and weaknesses.","discuss the need for consultation, the overall goal of the project, and the working relationship with the staff.","plan a review of how the use of restraints has been accomplished elsewhere and the models used for education and for changing practice.")
corr=new Array("0","0","1","0")
comm=""
valu=""
quest015 = new Question(
"Question 15",
0,
"A gerontological clinical nurse specialist is asked to provide consultation on ways to reduce the use of restraints in a nursing home. In the initial meeting with the nursing home administration, the clinical specialist's primary goal is to:",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("increasing the volume of the audio system.","providing soft background music.","raising voice pitch and facing the group.","reducing voice pitch, speaking slowly, and enunciating.")
corr=new Array("0","0","0","1")
comm=""
valu=""
quest016 = new Question(
"Question 16",
0,
"In teaching older adults in a group setting, the gerontological clinical specialist minimizes the impact of presbycusis by:",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("Administering a survey to assess the exact nature of the women's self-care behaviors before planning the next step","Arranging for reduced-cost mammograms and free transportation to the local hospital","Planning some small group sessions with these women to allow them to explore their beliefs and feelings","Presenting another educational session that includes a speech by a physician and then distribute additional literature")
corr=new Array("0","0","1","0")
comm=""
valu=""
quest017 = new Question(
"Question 17",
0,
"After presenting a talk on breast health, a gerontological clinical specialist discovers that at least 60% of the women who attend a large urban senior center do not believe in the benefits of mammography, have never had a mammogram, or had a painful experience and refuse to get another one. Which initial approach is most likely to motivate change?",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("emphasizes the &#147;how&#148; and &#147;how to&#148; instead of the &#147;why.&#148;","encourages and engages learners in problem formation and problem-solving activities.","explains the definition of the issue or problem under discussion so the definition is understood by all.","focuses on the present and minimizes discussions regarding learners' past experiences.")
corr=new Array("0","1","0","0")
comm=""
valu=""
quest018 = new Question(
"Question 18",
0,
"When encouraging adult learners to use the concept of critical reflection, the gerontological clinical specialist:",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("Anxiety","Impaired skin integrity","Ineffective breathing pattern","Sleep pattern disturbance")
corr=new Array("0","0","1","0")
comm=""
valu=""
quest019 = new Question(
"Question 19",
0,
"An 81-year-old patient has right-sided pleuritic pain with shortness of breath. The patient reports falling during the night, and has a large ecchymosis on the right flank area. Which nursing diagnoses is a priority for this patient?",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("Cross-sectional","Longitudinal","Predictive","Retrospective")
corr=new Array("0","1","0","0")
comm=""
valu=""
quest020 = new Question(
"Question 20",
0,
"The Framingham heart study examined the effect of blood pressure, cholesterol levels, smoking, exercise, and other variables on the development of coronary artery disease in a cohort of healthy men and women. The subjects were studied at specific intervals over a period of years. The Framingham study is an example of which type of research study?",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("clinical nurse specialist's ability to plan care.","clinical nurse specialist's expertise as a consultant.","need for consultation.","role of the consultant.")
corr=new Array("0","0","0","1")
comm=""
valu=""
quest021 = new Question(
"Question 21",
0,
"To be an effective consultant in a new setting, the gerontological clinical nurse specialist first explains to the staff members the:",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("Affective","Cognitive","Psychomotor","Spiritual")
corr=new Array("1","0","0","0")
comm=""
valu=""
quest022 = new Question(
"Question 22",
0,
"The gerontological clinical nurse specialist is asked to speak to a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease support group about the ethical issues surrounding physician-assisted suicide. At the beginning of the presentation, the clinical nurse specialist asks the group to identify what they fear most about death and dying. This technique is used to achieve objectives in which domain?",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("eliminate at least one organizational level to decentralize.","eliminate or minimize the informal &#147;grapevine.&#148;","emphasize informal communication and minimize formal communication.","emphasize job satisfaction to improve productivity.")
corr=new Array("0","0","0","1")
comm=""
valu=""
quest023 = new Question(
"Question 23",
0,
"To ensure the successful implementation of the humanistic model of organizational theory, nurse managers and gerontological clinical nurse specialists prioritize activities that:",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("Behavioral learning","Cognitive reorganization","Person-environment fit","Social cognitive")
corr=new Array("1","0","0","0")
comm=""
valu=""
quest024 = new Question(
"Question 24",
0,
"An 88-year-old patient is reluctant to use the call light for assistance and is often incontinent. The gerontological clinical nurse specialist tells the staff to praise the patient each time the call light is used to request toileting assistance. The clinical nurse specialist's suggestion is based on which theory?",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

resp=new Array("bring the case to the attention of the ethics committee.","emphasize to the family that a feeding tube will decrease recurrent pneumonias.","obtain a surgical consult to schedule a feeding tube placement.","organize a family and staff meeting to discuss the risks and benefits and consider the patient's wishes.")
corr=new Array("0","0","0","1")
comm=""
valu=""
quest025 = new Question(
"Question 25",
0,
"A 92-year-old patient with advanced dementia has had three episodes of aspiration pneumonia in five months. The patient has no written advance directives. The speech therapist recommends feeding tube placement. The patient's son would like a feeding tube placed, the daughter is unsure, and the patient's spouse states that the patient would never want a feeding tube. The gerontological clinical nurse specialist's next action is to:",
resp,
comm,
corr,
"",
valu,
1,
0,
0,
"");

questions = new Array (
quest001,quest002,quest003,quest004,quest005,quest006,quest007,quest008,quest009,quest010,quest011,quest012,quest013,quest014,quest015,quest016,quest017,quest018,quest019,quest020,quest021,quest022,quest023,quest024,quest025)

function doQuestion(quest)
{
var numdo;
var numord=eval(quest+1);
var i=-1, ii, type, myname, gadget;
type=questions[quest].type;
numdo=type>=3?1:questions[quest].response.length;


document.writeln ("<a name=\""+questions[quest].qname+"\"></a>")
document.write("\n")
document.write("       ")
if (questions[quest].img!="") {
document.write("\n")
document.write("          <p><img border=\"0\" src=\"")
document.write(questions[quest].img)
document.write("\"></p>\n")
document.write("       ")
}
document.write("\n")
document.write("       <p><small><font face=\"Verdana,Arial\">")
document.write(numord)
document.write(". ")
document.writeln(questions[quest].qstring)
document.write("</font></small></p>\n")
document.write("       ")
for (i=0; i<numdo; i++) {
myname=questions[quest].qname;
gadget="radio";
if (type>=3) gadget="text";
else if (type==1) {
myname+="_"+(i<9?"0":"")+(i+1);
gadget="checkbox";}
document.write("\n")
document.write("          ")
document.write(type==7?"<textarea name=\""+myname+"\" rows=5 cols=30 class=\"input\">":" <input type="+gadget+" name=\""+myname);
if (type<3) document.write("\" value=\""+i+"\">\n")
else document.write(type==7?"</textarea>":"\" class=\"input\" value=\"\">\n")
document.write(" <small><font face=\"Verdana,Arial\">")
if (type<3) document.write(questions[quest].response[i]);
document.write("</font></small><br>\n")
document.write("       ")
}
document.write("\n")
document.write("    ")
}
function doTest() {
var count, i;

count=questions.length;
for (i=0; i<count; i++) doQuestion(i);
}
function fill(s,l){
s=s+""
for (y=1;y<=l;y++)
if (s.length>=l) break; else s="0"+s;
return s
}
function CheckQName(wapf,ii,i,multi,selection){
var len;
if (!multi) return(wapf.elements[ii].name==questions[i].qname);
len=questions[i].qname.length;
if (wapf.elements[ii].name.substring(0,len)!=questions[i].qname) return false;
if (wapf.elements[ii].name.substring(len,len+1)!="_") return false;
if (eval(wapf.elements[ii].name.substring(len+1,len+3))==(selection+1)) return true;
return false;
}
function errore(uno,due,tre)
{
if (!errori) global[1]="<H3>You have made the following errors</H3>";
++errori;
cachewrite("<p><b>"+uno+"</b><br>"+due+"<br>"+mycomment+tre+"</p>",2);
mycomment="";
}
function testIE5plus(){
var pos=navigator.appVersion.lastIndexOf('MSIE ');
if (pos != -1) {
pos+=5;
if (eval(navigator.appVersion.charAt(pos))>4)
return true;}
return false;}
function correct(wapf)
{
var i, ii, t, re, tmp, selection, multi, multipage=0, type, isnull, iswrong, iscorrect, evaluation=0, total=0, udat;
errori=waitTime=0;
udat=new Array();
for (i=0, ii=0; i<wapf.elements.length; i++)
{tmp=wapf.elements[i];
if (tmp.name.substring(0,13)=="Quiz.UserData"){
t=tmp.name.substring(14,tmp.name.length);
re=new RegExp("_", "g");
t=t.replace(re," ");
udat[ii++]=t+": <i>"+tmp.value+"</i><br>";
if (opera) tmp.value="";}}
global[0]=global[2]="";
global[1]="<h3>Congratulations, you haven't made any errors</h3>";
cachewrite("<html><head><title>Results</title><BASE target='_blank'></head><body bgcolor='#FFFFFF'><font face='Verdana, Arial'><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width='100%' bgcolor='#C0C0C0'><tr><td width='100%'><font face='Verdana, Arial' size=5 color='#FFFFFF'><b>&nbsp;Results</b></font></td></tr></table>",0)
now= new Date()
cachewrite("<small><p>"+fill((now.getMonth()+1),2)+"/"+fill(now.getDate(),2)+"/"+now.getYear()+"&nbsp;&nbsp;"+fill(now.getHours(),2)+":"+fill(now.getMinutes(),2)+"</p>",0)
cachewrite("<b>CNS in Gerontological Nursing</b><br><br>\n",0);
if (udat.length>0) {
cachewrite("<b>Information</b><br>\n",0);
for (i=0; i<udat.length; i++) cachewrite(udat[i],0);}
if (opera7 && multipage) {
for (i=0; i<questions.length; i++) {
id=document.getElementById("q"+(i+1));
id2=document.getElementById("q"+(i+1)+"a");
id.style.display=id2.style.display="block";}}

for (i=0; i<questions.length; i++) {
if (opera && multipage) {
id=document.getElementById("q"+(i+1));
id2=document.getElementById("q"+(i+1)+"a");
id.style.visibility=id2.style.visibility="visible";}
type=questions[i].type;
if (type==1) multi=1;
else multi=0;
isnull=true;
iscorrect=false;iswrong=false;
selection=0;
evaluation=0;
mycomment="";
for (ii=0; ii<wapf.elements.length; ii++) {
if (CheckQName(wapf,ii,i,multi,selection)) {
if (type>=3 && wapf.elements[ii].value!="") {
isnull=false;
if (wapf.elements[ii].value.toLowerCase()==questions[i].corrects.toLowerCase()) iscorrect=true;
else iswrong=true;
++selection;}
else if (wapf.elements[ii].checked) {
if (questions[i].score!="") evaluation+=questions[i].score[selection];
if (isnull) isnull=false;
if (questions[i].corrects[selection]=="1") iscorrect=(iswrong==false)?true:false;
else {
iswrong=true;
if (multi && questions[i].corrects!='') errore(questions[i].qname,"The checkbox  <i>"+questions[i].response[selection]+"</i>  shouldn't have been selected.",questions[i].explan)
}
if (questions[i].comment!="" && questions[i].comment[selection]!="")
mycomment+=((iscorrect || questions[i].corrects=='')?"<b>"+questions[i].qname+"</b><br>":"")+"<small>"+questions[i].comment[selection]+"</small><br>";
} else {
if (questions[i].corrects[selection]=="1") {
iswrong=true;
if (multi && questions[i].corrects!='') errore(questions[i].qname,"The checkbox  <i>"+questions[i].response[selection]+"</i>  should have been selected.",questions[i].explan);
}}
++selection;
}}
if (multi==false && (isnull || iswrong)) {
var okresp="", z;
if (type>=3) okresp=questions[i].corrects;
else {
for (z=0; z<questions[i].corrects.length; z++) {
if (questions[i].corrects[z]==1) {
okresp=questions[i].response[z];
break;
}}}
if (okresp!="") errore(questions[i].qname,"The right answer was <i>"+okresp+".</i>",questions[i].explan);
}
if (mycomment!="") cachewrite(mycomment,2);
if (questions[i].corrects!="") ++qright;
if (isnull) evaluation+=questions[i].ifnull;
else if (iswrong) evaluation+=questions[i].ifwrong;
else if (iscorrect) evaluation+=questions[i].ifcorrect;
total+=evaluation;}
if (qright==0) global[1]="<br>";
if (errori) cachewrite("<br><b>You have made "+errori+" "+(errori==1?"error":"errors")+".</b>",2);
cachewrite("<br><b>Total score: "+total+".</b><br>",2);

cachewrite("</small><hr noshade><center><form>",2)
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cachewrite("<input type='button' value='Print...' onClick='"+printest+"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;",2)
cachewrite("<input type='button' value='Close' onClick='window.close()'></form></center>",2)
cachewrite(aknw,2)
winr=window.open('','wapres', 'titlebar=1,location=0,directories=0,menubar=1,toolbar=0,scrollbars=1,resizable=1,status=1')
for (i=0; i<3; i++) winr.document.write(global[i]);winr.document.close()
if ((opera || opera7) && multipage) {
document.forms[0].elements[0].value='Print...';
document.forms[0].elements[1].value='Close';
for (i=0; i<questions.length-1; i++) {
id=document.getElementById("q"+(i+1));
id2=document.getElementById("q"+(i+1)+"a");
opera?id.style.visibility=id2.style.visibility="hidden":id.style.display=id2.style.display="none";}}
}
aknw="<br><p align='center'><small><small>Created and managed with <a title='Click here to visit WebQuiz site' href='http://www.smartlite.it/go.asp?OLDLP' target = '_blank'>SmartLite WebQuiz</a></small></small></p>"